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build up — 4 meanings

One phrase, 4 different jobs. Tap a meaning to jump to it — then lock each one in by saying it out loud.

phrasal verb4 meanings
  1. 1 increase graduallyTo make something become larger or greater over time, often slowly.
  2. 2 develop strength or confidenceTo gradually make someone or something stronger, healthier, or more confident.
  3. 3 praise or promoteTo talk about someone or something in a very positive way to make them seem important or impressive.
  4. 4 create suspenseTo gradually increase tension, anticipation, or excitement, especially in a story, conversation, or event, so that people are eager to see what happens next.
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All meanings, in depth

Ordered by how often you'll hear each one — the meaning tells you what it does, the examples and tips show it in use.

1

increase gradually

B1build up sthMost common

To make something become larger or greater over time, often slowly.

If you save a little money each month, your savings will build up over time.

A: Why is there so much traffic today?
B: It tends to build up around 5 p.m. when everyone leaves work.

During the exam period, stress can build up if you don't take breaks.

Common mistake

Pressure builds up slowly over the time.

Pressure builds up slowly over time.

'Over time' — no 'the'.

Tell it apart

It builds up gradually.

slow, steady increase

It shoots up suddenly.

sharp, abrupt rise
Use 'build up' when talking about things like traffic, stress, or savings that grow slowly.Not the same as 'increase suddenly' or 'explode'.

Often paired with

build up + over time

To gradually make someone or something stronger, healthier, or more confident.

Regular exercise can help you build up your strength after an illness.

A: I'm nervous about the presentation.
B: Don't worry, each time you practice, you'll build up your confidence.

Joining group discussions is a good way to build up your speaking skills in English.

Common mistake

I'm trying to build up my confident.

I'm trying to build up my confidence.

It's the noun 'confidence', not the adjective 'confident'.

Tell it apart

build up your confidence

develop it gradually

knock your confidence

damage it
Often used for physical health, skills, or confidence.Different from 'recover', which means to get better, not necessarily stronger.

Often paired with

build up + strength/confidence
3

praise or promote

B2build sb/sth upspokeninformal

To talk about someone or something in a very positive way to make them seem important or impressive.

The manager really built up the new project in the meeting.

A: Everyone says Tom is amazing at his job.
B: Yeah, his boss really builds him up.

Sometimes, companies build up their products to attract more customers.

Common mistake

They built up it too much.

They built it up too much.

With a pronoun, the object goes in the middle: 'build it up'.

Tell it apart

They built it up.

hyped it / praised it in advance

They played it down.

downplayed it, made it seem less
Often used when someone is described as better or more important than they really are.Not the same as 'show off', which means to display oneself, not to praise others.

Often paired with

build up + hype
4

create suspense

C1build up sth

To gradually increase tension, anticipation, or excitement, especially in a story, conversation, or event, so that people are eager to see what happens next.

The director skillfully built up suspense throughout the film, keeping the audience on the edge of their seats.

A: Did you enjoy the novel?
B: Absolutely. The way the author built up the tension before the final reveal was brilliant.

In effective presentations, speakers often build up anticipation before delivering their main point, which helps to engage the audience.

Common mistake

The story builds up a suspense.

The story builds up the suspense. / builds suspense.

Usually 'build up the tension/suspense' — no 'a'.

Tell it apart

It builds up the tension.

creates suspense, makes you wait

It releases the tension.

lets it all out
'Build up' in this sense is commonly used when talking about films, books, presentations, or any situation where tension or anticipation is deliberately increased. It is neutral in register and works well in both spoken and written English.Unlike the B1/B2 senses, which focus on making something larger, stronger, or more positive, this sense is about increasing emotional or psychological tension, not physical or personal qualities.

Often paired with

build up + tension

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